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XSLT Tutorial
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XSLT - Transformation
Case Study: How to use XSLT to transform XML into XHTML.
We will explain the details of this example in the next chapter.
Correct Stylesheet Declaration
The root element that declares a document as an XSL stylesheet is either <xsl:stylesheet> or <xsl:transform>.
Note: <xsl:stylesheet> and <xsl:transform> are completely synonymous and can both be used!
According to the W3C XSLT standard, the correct way to declare an XSL stylesheet is:
Or:
To access XSLT elements, attributes, and features, we must declare the XSLT namespace at the top of the document.
xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" points to the official W3C XSLT namespace. If you use this namespace, you must include the version="1.0" attribute.
Starting from a Raw XML Document
We now want to transform the following XML document ("cdcatalog.xml") into XHTML:
Viewing XML files in Firefox and Internet Explorer: Open the XML file (usually by clicking a link) — the XML document will display the root and child elements with color-coded syntax. Click the plus (+) or minus (-) signs to the left of elements to expand or collapse their structure. To view the raw XML source (without plus/minus signs), select "View Page Source" or "View Source" from your browser menu.
Viewing XML files in Netscape 6: Open the XML file, right-click within it, and select "View Page Source". The XML document will display the root and child elements with color-coded syntax.
Viewing XML files in Opera 7: Open the XML file, right-click within it, choose "Frame" / "View Source". The XML document will appear as plain text.
View "cdcatalog.xml"
Creating an XSL Stylesheet
Next, create an XSL stylesheet ("cdcatalog.xsl") with a transformation template:
My CD Collection
| Title | Artist |
|---|---|
View "cdcatalog.xsl"
Linking the XSL Stylesheet to the XML Document
Add a reference to the XSL stylesheet in the XML document ("cdcatalog.xml"):
If your browser supports XSLT, it will smoothly transform your XML into XHTML.
View Result
We will explain the details of the above example in the next chapter.
XSLT Browsers
XSLT <xsl:template> Element
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