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# Python3.x Python3 Built-in Functions Python provides a large number of **Built-in Functions** that can be used directly without importing any library. These functions cover common scenarios such as **data type conversion, mathematical calculations, iteration operations, and reflection mechanisms**, and are essential tools for every Python beginner to master. ### Why Master Built-in Functions? * Reduce code volume: One line can replace many (e.g., `sum()`, `max()`) * Improve readability: Clear semantics, more understandable than hand-written logic * Better performance: Implemented in underlying C, usually faster than Python loops ### Common Categories * **Numerical Calculation:** `abs()`, `round()`, `min()`, `max()`, `sum()` * **Type Conversion:** `int()`, `float()`, `str()`, `list()`, `tuple()` * **Iteration and Functional:** `map()`, `filter()`, `zip()`, `enumerate()` * **Reflection and Objects:** `type()`, `isinstance()`, `getattr()`, `setattr()` * **Input/Output:** `print()`, `input()`, `open()` ### Common Function Examples ```python # Sum sum([1, 2, 3]) # 6 # Maximum value max([3, 6, 2]) # 6 # Type conversion int("123") # 123 # Enumeration for i, v in enumerate(['a', 'b']): print(i, v) # map list(map(lambda x: x * 2, [1,2,3])) # [2,4,6] * * * ## Function Quick Reference | Built-in Functions | | --- | | [abs()](#) | [dict()](#) | [help()](#) | [min()](#) | [setattr()](#) | | [all()](#) | [dir()](#) | [hex()](#) | [next()](#) | [slice()](#) | | [any()](#) | [divmod()](#) | [id()](#) | [object()](#) | [sorted()](#) | | [ascii()](#) | [enumerate()](#) | [input()](#) | [oct()](#) | [staticmethod()](#) | | [bin()](http://www.r