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Introduction

Services expose pods to the network, and Ingress manages external HTTP routing. Together, they form the networking layer of Kubernetes applications.

Service Types

# ClusterIP (internal only)
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: myapp-service
spec:
  selector:
    app: myapp
  ports:
  - port: 80
    targetPort: 8080

---
# NodePort (external access via node IP)
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: myapp-nodeport
spec:
  type: NodePort
  selector:
    app: myapp
  ports:
  - port: 80
    targetPort: 8080
    nodePort: 30080

Ingress

# Install Ingress Controller
kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/ingress-nginx/controller-v1.8.2/deploy/static/provider/cloud/deploy.yaml

# Ingress resource
apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
  name: myapp-ingress
spec:
  rules:
  - host: example.com
    http:
      paths:
      - path: /
        pathType: Prefix
        backend:
          service:
            name: myapp-service
            port:
              number: 80

Summary

Services provide stable networking for pods. Use ClusterIP for internal communication, NodePort for direct access, and Ingress for HTTP routing with domain names.