YouTipJulia Tuples
Julia's tuples are similar to arrays, both are ordered collections of elements, but the difference is that tuple elements cannot be modified.
Additionally, tuples use parentheses (...), while arrays use square brackets [...].
Creating a tuple is simple, just add elements in parentheses and separate them with commas. Many functions that work with arrays can also be used with tuples.
The following example:
## Example
```julia
julia> tupl=(5,10,15,20,25,30)# Create a tuple
(5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30)
julia> tupl
(5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30)
julia> tupl[3:end]# Output tuple from third to last element
(15, 20, 25, 30)
julia> tupl = ((1,2),(3,4))# Create a 2D tuple
((1, 2), (3, 4))
julia> tupl# Access 2D tuple element, output first dimension tuple
(1, 2)
julia> tupl# Access 2D tuple element, output second element of first dimension tuple
2
The elements of a tuple cannot be modified. If we try to modify it, we will get an error:
## Example
```julia
julia> tupl2=(1,2,3,4)
(1, 2, 3, 4)
julia> tupl2=0
ERROR: MethodError: no method matching setindex!(::NTuple{4, Int64}, ::Int64, ::Int64)
Stacktrace:
top-level scope
@ REPL:1
* * *
## Named Tuples
We can name tuples to make them easier to access.
The following lists several different ways to name tuples.
### 1. Separate naming of keys and values in tuples
The keys and values in a tuple can be named separately. Here's an example:
## Example
```julia
julia> names_shape = (:corner1, :corner2)
(:corner1, :corner2)
julia> values_shape = ((100, 100), (200, 200))
((100, 100), (200, 200))
julia> shape_item2 = NamedTuple{names_shape}(values_shape)
(corner1 = (100, 100), corner2 = (200, 200))
We can use the . dot notation to access tuples:
## Example
```julia
julia> shape_item2.corner1
(100, 100)
julia> shape_item2.corner2
(200, 200)
### 2. Keys and values in the same tuple
Keys and values can be in the same tuple. Here's an example:
## Example
```julia
julia> shape_item = (corner1 = (1, 1), corner2 = (-1, -1), center = (0, 0))
(corner1 = (1, 1), corner2 = (-1, -1), center = (0, 0))
We can use the . dot notation to access tuples:
## Example
```julia
julia> shape_item.corner1
(1, 1)
julia> shape_item.corner2
(-1, -1)
julia> shape_item.center
(0, 0)
julia>(shape_item.center,shape_item.corner2)
((0, 0), (-1, -1))
We can also access all values like a regular tuple, as shown below:
## Example
```julia
julia> c1, c2, center = shape_item
(corner1 = (1, 1), corner2 = (-1, -1), center = (0, 0))
julia> c1
(1, 1)
### 3. Merging two named tuples
We can use the merge() function to merge two named tuples. Here's an example:
## Example
```julia
julia> colors_shape = (top = "red", bottom = "green")
(top = "red", bottom = "green")
julia> shape_item = (corner1 = (1, 1), corner2 = (-1, -1), center = (0, 0))
(corner1 = (1, 1), corner2 = (-1, -1), center = (0, 0))
julia>merge(shape_item, colors_shape)
(corner1 = (1, 1), corner2 = (-1, -1), center = (0, 0), top = "red", bottom = "green")
* * *
## Tuples as Function Parameters
In the following example, we create a **testFunc** function and pass the tuple **options** as a parameter:
## Example: test.jl file code
```julia
# Create function
function testFunc(x, y, z; a=10, b=20, c=30)
println("x = $x, y = $y, z = $z; a = $a, b = $b, c = $c")
end
# Create tuple
options = (b = 200, c = 300)
# Execute function, pass tuple as parameter
testFunc(1, 2, 3; options...)
Use the julia command to execute the above file, and the output is:
```bash
$ julia test.jl x = 1, y = 2, z = 3; a = 10, b = 200, c = 300
If the specified parameters come after the