HTTP2

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HTTP2

HTTP/2 (Hypertext Transfer Protocol version 2, initially named HTTP 2.0), commonly referred to as h2 (encrypted connections using TLS/1.2 or above) or h2c (non-encrypted connections), is the second major version of the HTTP protocol used for data transmission between web servers and clients.

HTTP/2 is the first update to the HTTP protocol since its release in 1999 with RFC 2616 (HTTP/1.1), primarily based on the SPDY protocol.

Most mainstream browsers supported the protocol by the end of 2015.

HTTP/2 is a network protocol that is an upgrade of HTTP/1.1, published by IETF in 2015. It aims to improve web performance, reduce latency, increase security, and make web applications faster, more efficient, and reliable.

HTTP/2 Features

• Multiplexing: HTTP/2 allows multiple requests and responses to be sent simultaneously instead of processing them one at a time like HTTP/1.1. This reduces latency, improves efficiency, and increases network throughput.
• Binary Transfer: HTTP/2 uses a binary protocol, unlike the text-based protocol used by HTTP/1.1. Binary protocols parse faster, transmit data more efficiently, and reduce overhead and latency during transmission.
• Header Compression: HTTP/2 compresses HTTP headers using the HPACK algorithm, reducing the amount of data transmitted in headers, thus reducing network latency.
• Server Push: HTTP/2 supports server push, allowing the server to push resources to the client before they are requested, improving performance.
• Improved Security: HTTP/2 defaults to using TLS (Transport Layer Security) for encrypted data transmission, enhancing security.
• Compatibility with HTTP/1.1: HTTP/2 can coexist with HTTP/1.1, allowing servers to support both versions simultaneously. If a client does not support HTTP/2, the server can fall back to HTTP/1.1.

In summary, HTTP/2 has significant improvements in performance, security, and usability, making web applications faster, more efficient, and more reliable.

Data transfer is multiplexed, allowing multiple requests to be combined within the same TCP connection, as shown below:

HTTP/2 reduces network latency and speeds up browser page loading:

HTTP/2 transmits data using a binary format rather than the text format used by HTTP/1.1. This increases efficiency and reduces data transmission latency.

HTTP/2 reduces the size of transmitted data through header compression. This helps reduce bandwidth usage and improve page load speed.

HTTP/2 allows servers to send data proactively to clients without being requested, reducing request latency and improving page load speed.