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Introduction

Understanding the difference between Docker images and containers is fundamental. An image is a read-only template, while a container is a running instance of an image.

Working with Images

# List local images
docker images

# Pull a specific version
docker pull python:3.11-slim

# Remove an image
docker rmi nginx

# Build an image from Dockerfile
docker build -t myapp:1.0 .

# Tag an image
docker tag myapp:1.0 myapp:latest

Working with Containers

# Run with interactive mode
docker run -it ubuntu bash

# Run in detached mode
docker run -d --name web nginx

# Execute command in running container
docker exec -it web bash

# Copy files to/from container
cp file.txt web:/app/
cp web:/app/log.txt ./

# Inspect container details
docker inspect web

Container Lifecycle

# Start stopped container
docker start web

# Pause and unpause
docker pause web
docker unpause web

# View resource usage
docker stats

# Remove all stopped containers
docker container prune

Summary

Images are blueprints, containers are running instances. Master build, run, exec, and lifecycle commands to work effectively with Docker.