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The CMake build steps are as follows: 1. **Create a `CMakeLists.txt` file**: Define the project, targets, and dependencies. 2. **Create a build directory**: Keep the source code directory clean. 3. **Configure the project**: Use CMake to generate build system files. 4. **Compile the project**: Compile the project using the build system files. 5. **Run the executable**: Execute the generated program. 6. **Clean build files**: Delete intermediate files and target files. Assume we have a simple C++ project that includes a main program file and a library file. We will use CMake to build this project. Our project structure is as follows: MyProject/├── CMakeLists.txt ├── src/│ ├── main.cpp │ └── mylib.cpp └── include/ └── mylib.h * `main.cpp`: Main program source file. * `mylib.cpp`: Library source file. * `mylib.h`: Library header file. * `CMakeLists.txt`: CMake configuration file. ### 1. Create the CMakeLists.txt File Create a CMakeLists.txt file in the MyProject directory. The CMakeLists.txt file is used to configure the CMake project. **Content of CMakeLists.txt file:** ## Example cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.10)# Specify minimum CMake version project(MyProject VERSION 1.0)# Define project name and version # Set C++ standard to C++11 set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 11) set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD_REQUIRED ON) # Add include directories include_directories(${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/include) # Add source files add_library(MyLib src/mylib.cpp)# Create a library target named MyLib add_executable(MyExecutable src/main.cpp)# Create an executable target named MyExecutable # Link library to executable target_link_libraries(MyExecutable MyLib) **Explanation:** * **`cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.10)`**: Specifies the minimum required CMake version as 3.10. * **`project(MyProject VERSION 1.0)`**: Defines the project name as `MyProject` with version 1.0. * **`set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 11)`**: Sets the C++ standard to C++11. * **`include_directories(${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/include)`**: Specifies the directory for header files. * **`add_library(MyLib src/mylib.cpp)`**: Creates a library target named `MyLib`, with the source file `mylib.cpp`. * **`add_executable(MyExecutable src/main.cpp)`**: Creates an executable target named `MyExecutable`, with the source file `main.cpp`. * **`target_link_libraries(MyExecutable MyLib)`**: Links the `MyLib` library to the `MyExecutable` executable. ### 2. Create a Build Directory To keep the source code directory clean, we will create a separate build directory under the project root. **Create Build Directory** Open the terminal, navigate to the MyProject directory, and then create the build directory: mkdir build cd build ### 3. Configure the Project Use CMake to configure the project within the build directory. This will generate platform-specific build system files (such as Makefiles). **Run CMake Configuration** Run the CMake configuration command inside the build directory: cmake .. * **`cmake ..`**: The `..` refers to the source code directory, which contains the `CMakeLists.txt` file. CMake reads the `CMakeLists.txt` file and generates build system files. ### 4. Compile the Project Compile the project using the generated build system files. Depending on the type of build system file generated, use the corresponding build command. **Using Makefile** If a Makefile was generated (default on most Unix-like systems), you can compile using the make command: make * **`make`**: Compiles the project and generates the executable `MyExecutable`. ### 5. Run the Executable After compilation, you can run the generated executable. **Run Executable** In the build directory, run MyExecutable: ./MyExecutable ### 6. Clean Build Files Clean the build files to remove generated intermediate files and target files. **Using make clean** If cleanup rules were defined in CMakeLists.txt, you can use the make clean command: make clean * **`make clean`**: Removes intermediate files and target files. **Manual Deletion** If no cleanup rules were defined, you can manually delete all files in the build directory: rm -rf build/*